Durga Khote | |
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Born | January 14, 1905 Mumbai, British India |
Died | September 22, 1991 Mumbai, India |
(aged 86)
Occupation | actor, film producer |
Years active | 1931โ1983 |
Durga Khote (Marathi: เคฆเฅเคฐเฅเคเคพ เคเฅเคเฅ; January 14, 1905โSeptember 22, 1991) was an Indian actress, starting as one of the foremost leading ladies of her times, she remained active in Hindi and Marathi cinema, as well as theatre, for over 50 years, starring in around 200 films and numerous theatre productions.
In 2000, in a millennium issue, India Today named her among "100 People Who Shaped India," as it noted that, "Durga Khote marks the pioneering phase for woman in Indian Cinema"[1] as she was one of the first women from respectable families to enter the film industry thus breaking a social taboo.[2]
She also ranks amongst top ten actresses in mother roles in Hindi cinema,[3] most notable among them were as Jodhabai in K. Asifโs Mughal-e-Azam (1960), as Kaikeyi in Vijay Bhattโs classic, Bharat Milap (1942); her other memorable roles as mother were in Charnon Ki Dasi (1941), Mirza Ghalib, Bobby (1973) and Bidaai (1974). She was received the highest award in Indian cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1983), for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema.
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She was born in a traditional Mumbaikar Goud Saraswat Brahmin family (surname Laud) in present-day Maharashtra. By the age of 26, Durga Khote was a widowed mother with two young sons, Bakul and Harin. She had to seek work in film to support her children. In doing so, she became a pioneer of sorts: She hailed from a traditional family and the film industry was regarded as the preserve of the base and the bawdy. Also, most of the female characters were played by men.
Durga Khote debuted in a minor role in an obscure 1931 silent film, Farebi Jaal, by the Prabhat Film Company, followed by Maya Machhindra (1932). She was soon promoted to play heroine in the 1932 double version (Hindi and Marathi) Ayodhyecha Raja, another Prabhat film, which was the first-ever Marathi talkie and proved to be a runaway hit, where she essayed the role of Rani Taramati.[4] There was no looking back for the diffident widow from Kolhapur after that. Indeed, she ventured yet another pioneering trend: Despite working closely with Prabhat Film Company, she broke away from the "studio system" (exclusive contract with a studio to work in its films on a monthly salary) then in vogue and became one of the first "freelance" artistes of that era by working occasionally with the New Theatres, East India Film Co. (both at Calcutta), and Prakash Pictures.
In 1937, she produced and directed a film titled Saathi, making her one of the first women to step into this role in Indian cinema.[5] The 40s opened for her in a big way, with award-winning performances in Aachary Atre's Payachi dasi(Marathi) and Charnon Ki Dasi (Hindi) (1941) and Vijay Bhatt's classic, Bharat Milap (1942), both of which got her the BFJA Best Actress Award for two consecutive years.
Durga Khote remained active in theatre circuit for many years, especially the Marathi theatre in Bombay. She was actively associated with the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA) and worked in several plays for the Mumbai Marathi Sahitya Sangh. In 1954, she famously performed the role of Lady Macbeth, in V.V. Shirwadkar's Marathi adaptations of Macbeth, as Rajmukut, The Royal Crown, along with Nanasaheb Phatak.[6]
Durga Khote essayed a wide variety of roles over a career that was not only long but also untouched by scandal. She was the inspiration for several generations of Indian actresses, including veterans like the late Shobhna Samarth, who frequently spoke of how she had been inspired by Khote's example.
During later years, she played several important character roles, such as the mother of the protagonist. Her portrayal of Jodhabai, the queen of Akbar torn between duty towards her husband and love towards her son in Mughal-e-Azam (1960) was well received. She went on to play other widely appreciated character roles in later movies such as the role of the grandmother of the heroine in Bobby (1973), the hero's aunt in Abhimaan (1973), and thee really memorableBidaai (1974), where she played a mother, a very sensitive role that can make one cry and received the Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award.
In 1963, she acted in Merchant Ivory's debut film, The Householder (1963),[7][8] and her final memorable role was in Hrishikesh Mukherjee's Bawarchi (1972).
She acted in over 200 films in her career. By the 1980s she successfully diversified into production of short films, ad films and documentaries by setting up Fact Films and, later, Durga Khote Productions, which produced the Doordarshan TV series Wagle Ki Duniya.
Her two sons Bakul and Harin were born during her first marriage with Vijay Mehta. It was a traditional marriage into an orthodox family. Mehta was a theatre doyenne and film director who died young. After she was widowed, Khote had an unsuccessful second marriage to Mohammed Rashid.[9]
Her grandchildren include Ravi, a filmmaker; granddaughter Anjali Khote; grandson Deven Khote a television producer,[10] and a noted film producer, making films like Jodhaa Akbar and Life in a Metro.[11]
Her brother, Nandu Khote, was a noted stage and silent movie actor. His daughter Shobha Khote acted in Hindi films; debuting in Seema (1955), she later directed and produced Marathi films and entered television in the 90s. Viju Khote, most known for his role of Kalia in Sholay (1975) is a noted character actor. Shobha Khote's daughter, Bhavna Balsaver, is an award-winning TV actress. They appeared together in 1993's sitcom Zabaan Sambhalke on DD Metro.[12][13]
Later in life she wrote her acclaimed autobiography in Marathi which was later translated into English as I, Durga Khote,[14] and moved to Alibaug, beachfront near Mumbai. She died on September 22, 1991.
Year | Film | Character/Role | Notes |
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1983 | Daulat Ke Dushman | Sunil's mother | |
1980 | Karz | Mrs. Shanta Prasad Verma | |
1979 | Chor Sipahee | Mrs. Khanna, Raja's mother | |
1977 | Chacha Bhatija | Mrs. D'Silva | |
1977 | Darling Darling | ||
1977 | Do Chehere | Daadima | |
1977 | Naami Chor | ||
1977 | Paapi | Ashok's mother | |
1977 | Paheli | Brij Mohan's mother | |
1977 | Saheb Bahadur | Meena's grandmother | |
1976 | Jaaneman | Ronnie's mother | |
1976 | Jai Bajrang Bali | Devi Maa Anjani | |
1976 | Rangila Ratan | ||
1976 | Shaque | Mrs. Bannerjee | |
1975 | Chaitali | Manish's Mother | |
1975 | Kala Sona | Mrs. Ranjeet Singh | |
1975 | Khushboo | Brindaban's mother | |
1974 | Bidaai | Parvati | Won 1975 Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress |
1974 | Dil Diwana | Vijay's Dadimaa | |
1974 | Insaaniyat | Ram's mother | |
1973 | Bobby | Mrs. Braganza | |
1973 | Namak Haraam | Somu's Mother | |
1973 | Abhimaan | Durga Mausi | |
1973 | Gopi | Kunwar's Mother | |
1973 | Agni Rekha | ||
1972 | Bawarchi | Seeta Sharma | |
1972 | Mere Bhaiya | Avinash's Mother | |
1972 | Raja Jani | Rajmata | |
1972 | Shararat | Harry's mother | |
1971 | Anand | Renu's Mother | Guest Appearance |
1971 | Banphool | Haria's maternal grandma | |
1971 | Ek Nari Ek Brahmachari | Rajlaxmi S. Chaudhary | |
1970 | Khilona | Thakurain Singh | |
1969 | Dharti Kahe Pukarke | ||
1969 | Ek Phool Do Mali | Leela | |
1969 | Jeene Ki Raah | Janki | |
1969 | Pyar Ka Sapna | Sudha's mother | |
1968 | Jhuk Gaya Aasman | Mrs. Saxena | |
1968 | Sapno Ka Saudagar | Peter's mother | |
1968 | Sunghursh | Mrs. Bhawani Prasad | |
1967 | Chandan Ka Palna | Mrs. Radha Laxmidas | |
1966 | Anupama | Ashok's Mother | |
1966 | Daadi Maa | Daadi Maa/Maharani | |
1966 | Devar | ||
1966 | Pyar Mohabbat | Rajmata Rajeshwari | |
1966 | Sagaai | Sheel's mother | |
1965 | Do Dil | Ranimaa | |
1965 | Kaajal | Rani Sahiba | |
1965 | Purnima | Sharda R. Lal | |
1964 | Benazir | ||
1964 | Door Ki Awaaz | Prakash's mother | |
1964 | Kaise Kahoon | ||
1964 | Main Suhagan Hoon | ||
1964 | Shagoon | ||
1963 | The Householder | Prem's Mother | |
1963 | Mujhe Jeene Do | ||
1962 | Main Shadi Karne Chala | ||
1962 | Man-Mauji | Dr. Mohan's mother | |
1962 | Rungoli | Subhagi | |
1962 | Son of India | Head Nun | |
1961 | Bhabhi Ki Chudiyan | Prabha's mother | |
1961 | Kismet Palat Ke Dekh | ||
1961 | Senapati | ||
1960 | Mughal-E-Azam | Maharani Jodha Bai | |
1960 | Parakh | Rani Ma, J.C. Roy's mother | |
1960 | Love in Simla | Sonia's grandmother | |
1960 | Usne Kaha Tha | ||
1959 | Ardhangini | Prakash's mother | |
1959 | Ghar Ghar Ki Baat | ||
1959 | Maine Jeena Seekh Liya | ||
1958 | Raj Tilak | ||
1957 | Bade Sarkar | ||
1957 | Bhabhi | Ratan's aunt | |
1957 | Mera Salaam | ||
1957 | Musafir | Mrs. Nilambar Sharma | |
1956 | Justice | ||
1956 | Parivar | ||
1956 | Patrani | Raj Mata | |
1956 | Rajdhani | ||
1955 | Adil-E-Jahangir | ||
1954 | Lakeeren | ||
1954 | Mirza Ghalib | Amma, Chaudvin's mother |
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1953 | Chacha Chowdhury | ||
1953 | Mashooka | ||
1953 | Naag Panchami | ||
1953 | Naulakha Haar | Devla | |
1953 | Shikast | ||
1952 | Aandhiyan | ||
1952 | Lal Kunwar | ||
1952 | Mordhwaj | ||
1952 | Narveer Tanaji | ||
1952 | Sandesh | ||
1951 | Aaram | Sita | |
1951 | Hamari Shaan | ||
1951 | Humlog | Mother | |
1951 | Nai Zindagi | ||
1951 | Sazaa | ||
1950 | Alakh Niranjan | ||
1950 | Beqasoor | ||
1950 | Har Har Mahadev | ||
1950 | Magroor | ||
1950 | Nishana | ||
1949 | Singaar | ||
1949 | Jeet | Ratan's Mother | |
1949 | Maya Bazaar | ||
1949 | Maya Bazaar | ||
1948 | Anjuman | ||
1948 | Seeta Sawayamwar | ||
1946 | Maharani Minaldevi | ||
1946 | Rukmini Swayamvar | ||
1945 | Lakharani | Bichwa | |
1945 | Pannadai | ||
1945 | Phool | ||
1945 | Veer Kunal | ||
1944 | Maharathi Karna | Kunti | |
1943 | Kurbani | ||
1943 | Mahasati Ansuya | ||
1943 | Mahatma Vidur | ||
1943 | Prithvi Vallabh | Mrinalvati | |
1943 | Tasveer | Vidya Devi | |
1943 | Zameen | ||
1942 | Bharat Milap | Maharani Kekaiyi | Hindi/Marathi film |
1942 | Vijay | ||
1941 | Payachi Dasi | Vidya's Mother-in-law | Marathi film |
1941 | Charnon ki Dasi | Vidya's Mother-in-law | |
1940 | Yamla Jat | ||
1940 | Geeta | Durga | |
1940 | Geeta | Durga | Marathi film |
1940 | Narsi Bhagat | Manekbai | Gujarati/Hindi film |
1939 | Adhuri Kahani | Harbala | |
1938 | Nandakumar | ||
1938 | Saathi | ||
1937 | Pratibha | Pratibha | |
1936 | Amar Jyoti | Queen Saudamini | |
1935 | Inquilab | Miss Renee | |
1935 | Jeevan Natak | Miss Queen | |
1934 | Seeta | Seeta | |
1933 | Patit Pawan | ||
1933 | Rajrani Meera | Meera | |
1932 | Ayodhya Ka Raja | Taramati | |
1932 | Ayodhyecha Raja | Taramati | Hindi/Marathi film |
1932 | Maya Machhindra | Queen | Hindi/Marathi film |
1931 | Farebi Jaal |
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